Why the ‘Wow!’ signal is probably not be from aliens after all

When it comes to the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI), the reality is much different from what classic sci-fi movies portray. Instead of dramatic spaceship landings or easily decipherable messages, the quest for alien contact is a challenging endeavor.

[ Related: How scientists decide if they’ve actually found signals of alien life ]

In 1977, Ohio State’s Big Ear telescope detected a signal that caught the attention of astronomers. Dubbed the Wow! signal, it remains unexplained to this day, with its unique frequency suggesting a deliberate attempt at communication from beyond Earth.

Astronomer Seven Rasmussen describes the Wow! signal as a fascinating technosignature that stands out due to its intentional nature. Despite extensive searches, the signal has not been detected again, leaving scientists puzzled about its origin.

While radio waves are commonly emitted in space, the search for narrowband radio signals, a potential technosignature, continues. Distinguishing between natural and artificial radio signals is a key challenge in SETI, as nature often produces broadband signals, whereas technology can create more focused messages.

In the quest for technosignatures, scientists explore various possibilities beyond radio signals, including the concept of a Dyson sphere or signs of pollution in alien atmospheres. However, the allure of detecting radio signals from extraterrestrial civilizations remains strong, as depicted in popular culture.

Efforts to detect radio technosignatures, such as the Wow! signal, persist with projects like Breakthrough Listen using advanced radio telescopes. Despite ongoing searches, no conclusive evidence of alien communication has been found, leaving the mystery of the Wow! signal unsolved.

As scientists delve deeper into radio SETI research, the hope of uncovering more clues from space, whether through maser flares or other signals, remains a driving force in the quest for contact with intelligent life beyond our planet.